Mohammadreza Doustan; Mohammad Rahiminia; Seyede Nahid Shetab Boushehri
Abstract
Introduction: One of the topics that is important in many sports skills is the Psychological refractory period that is a delay in responding to stimuli that are presented in short intervals. The aim of recent research is the effect of number of simulation-response and Stimulus Onset Asynchrony on Psychological ...
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Introduction: One of the topics that is important in many sports skills is the Psychological refractory period that is a delay in responding to stimuli that are presented in short intervals. The aim of recent research is the effect of number of simulation-response and Stimulus Onset Asynchrony on Psychological refractory period in athlete and non- athlete person. Methods: This research is a semi-experiment and field of fundamental-applied research. 15 athletes and 15 non-athlete students of university (22.25±1.08 years) were selected by convenience targeted sampling. The instrument was Serial Reaction Time Measuring Apparatus, msi notebook and Annett Hand Preference Questionnaire. From all participants, task test the taken using a psychological refractory period included the number of different response stimuli (one, two, four and eight) for the first and second stimuli and four time intervals (100,200,400 and 600 milliseconds) between the two stimuli. data using analysis of oneway variance tests of 4×4×2 with repeated measures with Bonferroni test were used. Results: The results showed that at more time intervals and in the number of stimuli-less responses, there was a shorter psychological refractory period. Also, there is a significant difference between the athletes and non-athletes in the number of stimulus-response eight-choice. Coclusion: It seems that in more number of stimulus-responses, according to Welfard's single-channel theory, because the later channel is empty, a longer Psychological refractory period occurs. Athletes, due to the experience of more challenges in exercise and the Preparation neuropsychology muscular system, in more difficult tasks, they perform better than non-athletes.
bahman hoseinzade; seyede nahid shetabbushehri; Mohammadreza Doustan
Abstract
Aim: The study sought to investigate the impact of music upon learning bimanual coordination movements with different spatial and temporal elements. Methods: 60 male right-handed students with no previous experience in playing musical instruments were randomized in 6 equally sized groups. The first, ...
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Aim: The study sought to investigate the impact of music upon learning bimanual coordination movements with different spatial and temporal elements. Methods: 60 male right-handed students with no previous experience in playing musical instruments were randomized in 6 equally sized groups. The first, second and third group pairs were assigned with symmetric, temporally different symmetric, and temporally similar asymmetric bimanual drawing exercises, respectively, The pretest consisted of performing a bimanual coordination task with 100 metronome tempos in 60 seconds. then, the subjects attended three training sessions on three consecutive days, the post- and retention tests were held on 48 hours later. Results: The results of analysis of variance showed that music with exercise improves bipolar movements in bipolar coordination tasks but does not have a positive effect on transferring these tasks in reverse. Conclusion: The results indicated that music accounted for significant performance improvement in symmetric bimanual drawing with similar and different temporal elements, Music improves bimanual coordination.
Key words: Bimanual Coordination, Music, motor learning
mahtab fallah; Mohammadreza Doustan; Nahid Shetab Bousheri
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of time limitation and level of movement on the spatial accuracy of the speed-precision of Fits task while moving with distal and proximal parts of the hand. Method: The method of this study was semi-experimental and in terms of purpose ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of time limitation and level of movement on the spatial accuracy of the speed-precision of Fits task while moving with distal and proximal parts of the hand. Method: The method of this study was semi-experimental and in terms of purpose was fundamental. The statistical university was of the right-handed female students of 19 to 28 years old. Sampling method was available to 20 people. The data were collected by software hit to the target designed by the researcher. The tool used was similar to the one used in the Fits test, and its validity was confirmed by the experienced people in motor behavior. The software reliability was obtained 0.89 through test-retest and Pearson correlation coefficient. Findings: In the review of the hits number to the right side goal, the main effect of the limited time and the interaction of the part with limited time was significant at different limited times. Also, at various limited times, it had a remarkable effect on the correct hits number to the right side target in the proximal and distal parts while doing movement in the horizontal and vertical level. Additionally, the hits number to the left side target, at various limited times, the main effect of the limited time and the interaction of the motion plate with the section was also significant. In the proximal and distal parts of the horizontal and vertical motion, limited time variations had a significant effect on the correct hits number to the left side target.Conclusion: Therefore, the longer the movement time is, the greater the accuracy of movement and the lesser the effective width of the target. The accuracy of movement in the distal part is higher than the proximal section. Also, the difficulty of moving in a horizontal level is less than the vertical level.
Sajad Parsayi; Rasoul Abedanzadeh; Nahid Shetab boushehri; Masoumeh Shojaee
Volume 2, Issue 4 , June 2017, , Pages 57-74
Abstract
Introduction: Mental imagery is an important skill that athletes should always work on and apply with high confidence; especially during competition in order to relieve stress and improve performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mirror neuron on different speeds of mental imagery ...
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Introduction: Mental imagery is an important skill that athletes should always work on and apply with high confidence; especially during competition in order to relieve stress and improve performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mirror neuron on different speeds of mental imagery on basketball dribbling performance. Methods: The research method was semi-empirical and a pretest-posttest design was used. The participants were 30 female students (average age 22± 1.12) selected through a purposive sampling method and categorized in three groups of rapid-speed, equal-speed, and low-speed imagery. Following the basketball dribble function in pretests, the participants were involved in imagery for a period of four consecutive days, and were subsequently tested for the real dribble function in the posttests. They were also subjected to electroencephalographic assessment during imagery, focusing primarily on the reaction of the mirror neurons within the process. The findings were then analyzed using the intragroup analysis of variance. Findings: The results showed that dribble function in all groups improved (p≤0.05). However, investigation of the effect size indicated a significant improvement in the groups with slow-speed and equal-speed imagery compared to those receiving high-speed imagery. Mu rhythm suppression in areas C4 and Cz were observed in all groups (p≤0.05). C3 area was active only in slow-speed group. Conclusions: Mental imagery causes required movements encoding for performing skill in the brain by activating mirror neurons. In brain, this movement encoding leads to facilitation in motor skills.
